Internal-combustion engine.



O. I. MOSS & M. JUNGLING.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION PILEDIJAN. 23, 1914.

Patented Sept. 22, 191%.

2 SHEETS*SHEET l.

wot 950% 0. F. MOSS & M. JUNGLING. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN 23, 1914. 1, 1 1 1- ,6()5 Patented Sept. 22, 191% 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

the invention consis tion, combv rev-i t os lino, .i it

Specification. of Letters Patent.

l. his invention relates internal combustion engines, the object of the invention being to produce an engine of simple and ecnomicnl construction. which is reliable in operation, anal which operstes on. the double action principle, the engine embodying. pair of oppositely arranged oscillatory pistons moving in an annular expansion chamher and both connected to a common crank shaft, the charges being admitted alter nately at opposite ends of the pistons and being ignited so as to give an impulse to the pistons first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, two explosions thus tale ing place in each complete cycle of operation of the engine.

A further object of the invention is to provide simple and effective means mounted. upon and actuated by the engine, serving to compress the charges and force the some into the combustion {1116i expansion chambers; also to provide check valves between to compressing means and the compression chambers, combined with means for mecl-rz niczilly locking said check valves closed and unlocking the some at the proper periods.

W i h the above and other objects in View, ts in the novel construe-- n and arrangement oi "v rts, as t Ill hero o more fully ales. llllls jl'ltited anal claimed.

in the accompanying drawingsFi more l. is view partly in front elevation and partly in section of on engine embodying the present invention. 2 is crcssseo tion throngh the some i the line of Fig. i. Fig. 3 is e tio 42 open center pitroan WlLCl'l operates the K charge (EOIHDT-IQSSHEQ, mechanism.

section on an enlarged vertical. transverse the line i--.l of Fig,

In the preferred embodiment of this invention, the engine comprises :1 st main frame plate 1 adjacent to the bottom of which is provirled a bearing?) for the crank shaft 3, said frame plate 1 being extended below the bearing 2 to form one of the sicle Walls and bottom 5 of the crank case which, it will be observe-cl, is ofiset to one of the vertical plane of the lions mg; in which the pistons hereinafter clescribecl operate, the cran r shaft 3 being pror de-cl with the cranlcs'ti which are offset from each other as best illustrated in l. Secured fixedly to the main frame .plrite l. is an annular housing 7 which, in cross section is shown substantially square. the said housing section being three-siclctl as shown in Fig. i and being Water jacketed at 8 so as provioe for the circulation oil water throughout the Walls of the enoensicn chamber in which the pistons ooei'ste. 9 designates s detachable crank c ose plate which is bolted or otherwise fastenetl as shown. at 10 to the crank case ancl which is fastened as shown at 11 to the housing 7. T his plate is also formed with a bearing 12 for the crank shaft adjacent to that end upon which the fly-Wheel 13 is mounted.

Mounted to oscillate in the opposite sicle portions of the annular expansion chamber? let inclosel by the main frame plate 2. and the housing 7 are srcuste pistons 15 the form of which is best shown in. Fig; 1 Lo sated in the center of movement of the pie tons 15 is s. pair concentric rock shafts which have coincident axes oft movement, one of said roclr shafts 1'4" inclosing and being journoled upon the other rock shaft 18, the last name-cl. rock shaft passing axially through the rock shaft 1? and being journulerl at one end in a bearing boss 19 on the inner surface oi the crank case plate 9 Wm in Fig. +l-.. At its opposite eni it l8 bears egoinst so Bllil thrust l l o fastened as shown at :21 to the main it.

r (I d.)

plate 1, tul'mlor rolq shaft 17 also been ,9; 2;." its .orresnondino; eni'l Fist said enrl thrrra nine 2G. in or rlitionsl bearin th town oi collar 2E4 surijonmls she 18 is fastened as shown the rocker or n hereinafter referred to which is connect fl it ilar roclr shaft 1'? Piston arm," rend from thepist to in?!" *dl n one '1 ssicl arms beixw r y connect to the rock shaft l8 and rigidly connector-l to the ree shaft J. to one side oi the vertical. plane of the housing 7, rocker sr ns extend from the shafts l? and l8 in opposite l irot-lions shown in Figs. 1 and 2 Where they are piyotolly attached at 26 to connecting rocls 27, the said. roilsbeing con-- a rm l nected to the crank shaft as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

Each of'the pistons is provided adjacent to its opposite ends with piston rings 28 conforming of course in cross section to the corresponding cross sectional shape of the pistons and each piston ring embodying a number of overlapping portions which.

constituting combustion chambers and secured in fixed relation to the outer side of said frame plate 1 are casings 31 which are chambered as shown at 32 to form combustion chamber extensions through the wall of which are inserted ignitcrs shown in the form of spark plugs 33. The compressed chaigcs of gas are admitted through the combustion chambers and the exhaust gases pass out through exhaust ports 34 in the main frame plate 1, shown in Fig. 1.

Each-of the casings 31 comprises a charge compressing cylinder 35 in'which 1s a reciproeatory piston 36. The pistons 36 are arranged diametrically opposite each other as shown in. Fig. 1 and are connected in rigid relation to each other by a common piston rod 37 to which is pivotally attached at 38 the upper extremity of a pitman 39 carrying at its lower end an eccentric strap at) of two-part sectional construction as illustrated in Fig. 3, said strap 40 extending around an -eccentric 41 revolvin with the crank shaft 3 and being fastened t ereon by meansv or" a set screw 42 or equivalent means. The pitman 39 is of skeleton form or provided with an open center as indicated at 43 so that it will straddle the lower casing 31. Each of the cylinders 35 communicates with the combustion chamber 30 by means of a port 44: which is controlled by a check valve45 seated in the outer end of the cylinder 46 designates a pair of intakepipes leading from 011;: or more carbureters to the engine and within each of said pipes 46 is arranged, an automatic intake valve 47. A port 48 leads-from the chamber of the valve 47 into the cylinder 35. It will thus be seen that as each piston 36 reciprocates, it sucks into the cylinder 35 a charge of gas and compresses the same and forces it into one of the combustion chambers of the engmc.

In order to insure the check valve 45 remaining-closed during an explosion, we provide a special check valve locking demay vice illustrated in Fig. 4, said locking device consisting of a two-armed lever, one.

arm 49 of which is connected to the stem of the check valve 45 while the other arm 50 is movable into and out of a recess in the wall" of the cylinder 35. The check valve is free to open. and close throughout the major portions "of both strokes of the adjaccnt piston 36. If, however, the piston approaches very closely to the check valve 45 as indicated in the lower cylinder 35 in Fig. l, it engages. the arm 50 of the valve look so that the other arm 49302111- not move, thus holding the check valve 45 locked in closed position. This is to prevent any possibility of back the from. the combustion chamber into the charge compressing cylinders and intake pipes from the carbureter. Threaded plu "s 51 give access to the several valves reierredto for cleaning and repairing or renewing the same. Any suitable commutator. or'timer be used for generating sparks in the plugs 33 at the proper intervals and water connections may be attached to the water jacket- 8 at suitable points to provide for admitting water to and conducting the came off from said jacket;

From the foregoing ,descri tion it will now be understood that the .e arges of exlosive mixture are compressed and introuced alternately into the combustion chambers 30, the result being. that the oscillatory. pistons are driven firstin one direction and then in the opposite direction, thus producing two'power strokes orfiimpulses in each complete cycle, of operation of the engine. The expandin gas thus drives the pistons apart and-at't e opposite side of the casing the gases are exhausted through the ports 34 as the Q istons reach the, ends of their strokes. .T e inrushing fresh mixture assists in discharging the burnt gases and as the pistons start upon their return move ment under the forceof-an explosion at the opposite ends thereof, the fresh charge'of gas so admitted is compressed between the ap- I proachin ends of the pistons in a manner which Wlll. be readily understood. On account of thepistons 1'5 being arranged oppositely to each other, one balances the other and an engine is thus produced which operates smoothly and with a minimum amount of vibration. Furthermore the combined movement of the two pistons provides for a full and complete expansion of the gas the pressure of which is thereby reduced to such an extent that thenoise of the exhaust upon reaching the outer atmosphere is very much reduced, making the engine quiet in operation. Any suitable means may be employed for properly lubricating the,

housing inclosin an annular expansion chamber, a main frame plate forming one side Wall of said expansion chamber and provided wvith combustion chambers at points Where said pistons approach the nearest to each other, an igniter in each of said combustion chambers, arcuate pistons mounted for oscillatory movement thereinabout a common axis, rock shafts having coincident axes otmoveinent and journaled one upon the other, arms connecting said pis tons to their respective rock shafts, rocker arms on said shafts, a crank case, a crank housing inclosing an annular expansion oliamber,'a1nain frame plate forming one side Wall of said expansion chamber and provided With combustion chambers at points where said pistons. approach the nearest to each other, an igniter in. each of said combustion chambers, arcuate pistons mounted for oscillatory movement therein about a common axis, rock shafts having coincident axes of movement and journaled one upon the other, arms connecting said pistons to their respective rock shafts, rocker arms on said shafts, a crank case, a crank shaft journaled therein, con.- necting rods extending from said rocker arms to said crank shaithcharge compress ing means mounted on and driven by the enand arranged to discharge the compressed charge into said combustion and expansion chambers, 168.115 preventing the return movement of said compressed charges, check valves between said com pressing means and combustion chambers, and mechanically controlled means for looking and unlocking said check valves.

in testimony whereof \ve our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

CALVI YT F. MOSS. MICHAEL J UNGLING. W itnesses:

T. h. Tanner, GEO. Lnr'rnn. 

